What is On-site Testing of the Main Structural Works?

On-site Testing of the Main Structural Works in the building inspection industry is a critical link in ensuring building safety and quality. It involves a series of physical and chemical performance tests on key materials and components of the building's main structure (such as concrete, rebar, and masonry) to verify that construction meets design requirements and relevant national standards.

Importance of Testing

• Ensuring public safety: Timely identification of structural hazards and quality problems to prevent structural accidents and ensure the safety of people's lives and property.

• Assessing structural performance: Scientifically evaluating the load-bearing capacity, stability, and durability of buildings.

• Providing decision-making basis: Test results serve as an important basis for subsequent repair, reinforcement, or acceptance.

• Improving engineering quality: Verifying the standardization of the construction process and urging construction units to strictly implement design and material standards.

Main Testing Content

On-site structural engineering testing usually includes the following aspects:

• Main structural material testing:

• Concrete: Testing its compressive strength (commonly using rebound hammer method and core drilling method).

• Rebar: Testing its configuration (position, spacing, diameter), cover thickness, and performance (such as tensile strength).

• Masonry mortar: Testing its strength and other properties.

• Structural dimension and deviation testing:

• Using measuring tools and other methods to check the actual dimensions and positional deviations of components such as beams, columns, and walls to ensure compliance with design drawings.

• Structural defect and damage detection:

• Identifying problems such as concrete cracks, voids, and rebar corrosion through visual inspection or instrument testing.

• Overall structural performance testing:

• When necessary (such as for large public buildings or new structural systems), conducting dynamic testing or safety monitoring of the structure.

Common Testing Methods

Testing methods include, but are not limited to:

• Non-destructive testing (NDT): Such as rebound hammer method (for concrete strength), ultrasonic method, and magnetic induction method (for rebar position and cover thickness).

• Local destructive testing: Such as core drilling method (taking concrete core samples for laboratory compressive strength testing).

• Visual inspection method: Visually inspecting the surface condition of the structure, dimensional deviations, etc.

• Load testing: Conducting actual load tests on specific components (such as floor slabs and beams) to assess their load-bearing capacity. According to Regulations

On-site testing must strictly adhere to relevant national laws, regulations, and technical standards.

The main standards include:

• "Technical Standard for On-site Testing of Concrete Structures" (GB/T50784)

• "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Concrete Structures" (GB50204, formerly GB50240-2002)

• "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Steel Structures" (GB50205)

• "Technical Standard for Building Structure Testing," etc.

Institutions engaged in main structure testing must possess the corresponding professional qualifications, and testing personnel must be certified to ensure the scientific validity, accuracy, and impartiality of the test results.